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API 616 Gas Turbines for the Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
API 616
Gas Turbines for the Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services (1998 edition)
- Scope:
This standard covers the minimum requirements for open, simple, and regenerative-cycle combustion gas turbine units for services of mechanical drive, generator drive, or process gas generation. All auxiliary equipment required for operating, starting, and controlling gas turbine units and for turbine protection is either discussed directly in this standard or referred to in this standard through references to other publications. Specifically, gas turbine units that are capable of continuous service firing gas or liquid fuel or both are covered by this standard.
The vendor may offer alternative designs.
In case of conflict between this standard and the inquiry, the information included in the inquiry shall govern. At time of order the order shall govern.
This standard includes references to the following API, industry, and government standards. The current edition of the referenced publications apply unless a specific edition is referenced.
API
Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe
MPMS Chapter 15
RP 550 Manual on Installation of Refinery Instruments and Control Systems
Spec 5L Specification for Line Pipe
Std 541 Form-Wound Squirrel Cage Induction Motor-250 Horsepower and Larger
Std 605 Large-Diameter Carbon Steel Flanges (Nominal Pipe Size 26 through 60, Classes 75, 150, 300, 400, 600, and 900)
Std 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Std 612 Special-Purpose Steam Turbines for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Std 613 Special-Purpose Gear Units for Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
Std 614 Lubrication, Shaft-Sealing, and Control Oil Systems for Special-Purpose Applications
Std 670 Vibration, Axial-Position, and Bearing-Temperature Monitoring Systems
Std 671 Special-Purpose Couplings for Refinery Service
RP 683 Quality Improvement Manual for Mechanical Equipment in Petroleum, Chemical, and Gas Industries
AFBMA
Std 7 Shaft and Housing Fits for Metric Radial Ball and Roller Bearings (Except Tapered Roller Bearings) Conforming to Basic Boundary Plans
Std 9 Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Ball Bearings
Std 11 Load Ratings and Fatigue Life for Roller Bearing
Std 20 Radial Bearings of Ball, Cylindrical Roller and Spherical Roller Types, Metric Design; Basic Plan for Boundary Dimentions, Tolerances and Identification Code
ANSI
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket Welded and Threaded
B92.1 Involute Splines and Inspection
B133.4 Gas Turbine Control and Protection Systems
B133.8 Gas Turbine Installation Sound Emissions
ASME
B1.1 Unified Inch Screw Threads (UN and UNR Thread Form)
B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Classes 150 and 300
B16.47 Add Standard
B31.3 Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping
PTC 1 General Instructions
PTC 22 Gas Turbine power Plants Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section V, “Nondestructive Examination”; Section VII, “Pressure Vessels”; and Section IX, “Welding and Brazing Qualifications”
Y14.2M Line Conventions and Lettering Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Performance Test Code 1, General Instructions Performance Test Code 22, Gas Turbine Power Plants
ASTM
A 53 Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated
A 123 Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products
A 193 Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for High-Temperature Service
A 194M Standard Specification Temperature for Carbon and Alloy Nuts for Bolts for High-Temperature and High-Pressure Services
A 247 Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Microstructure for Graphite in Iron Casting
A 278 Standard Specification for Gray Iron Castings for Pressure-Containing Parts for Temperatures up to 650 Degrees F
A 307 Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60,000 psi Tensile Strength
A 320 Standard Specification for Alloy Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
A 388 Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Heavy Steel Forgings
A 395 Standard Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
A 515 Standard Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Carbon Steel, for Intermediate- and Higher-Pressure Service
A 536 Standard Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
A 578 Standard Specification for Straight-Beam Ultrasonic Examination of Plain and Clad Steel Plates for Special Applications
A 609 Standard Practice for Castings, Carbon, Low-Allow, and Martensitic Stainless Steel, Ultrasonic Examination Thereof
D 1655 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D 2880 Standard Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
E 94 Standard Guide for Radiographic Testing
E 165 Standard Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
E 709 Standard Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination
AWS
D1.1 Structural Welding Code Steel
IEEE
841 Standard for Petroleum and Chemical Industry-Severe Duty Totally Enclosed Fan-Cooled (TEFC) Squirrel Cage Induction Motors
ISO
ISO-2314 Gas Turbines-Acceptance Tests
ISO-3448 Industrial Liquid Lubricants-ISO Viscosity Classification
ISO-10494 Gas Turbines and Gas Turbine Sets-Measurement of Emitted Airborne Noise-Engineering/Survey Method
NACE
The NACE Corrosion Engineer’s Handbook
NFPA
12 Standard on Carbon Dioxide Extinguishing Systems
70 National Electrical Code
72E National Fire Alarm Code Errata
- Standard on Clean Agent Fire Extinguishing Systems
SSPC
SP 6 Surface Preparation Specification No. 6, Commercial Blast Cleaning
- Contents:
1 SCOPE
1.1 Alternative designs
1.3 Conflicts
2 REFERENCES
2.1 Referenced standards
2.2 Compliance
2.3 Responsibilities
2.4 Unit conversion
3 DEFINITION
4 BASIC DESIGN
4.1 General
4.2 Pressure casings
4.3 Combustors and fuel nozzles
4.4 Casing connections
4.5 Rotating elements
4.6 Seals
4.7 Dynamics
4.8 Bearings and bearing housing
4.9 Lubrication
4.10 Materials
4.11 Nameplates and rotational arrows
4.12 Quality
5 ACCESSORIES
5.1 Starting and helper driver
5.2 Gears, couplings and guards
5.3 Mounting plates
5.4 Controls and instrumentation
5.5 Piping and appurtenances
5.6 Inlet coolers
5.7 Insulation, weatherproofing, fire protection and acoustical treatment
5.8 Fuel system
5.9 Special tools
6 INSPECTION, TESTING AND PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT
6.1 General
6.2 Inspection
6.3 Testing
6.4 Preparation for shipment
7 VENDOR’S DATA
7.1 General
7.2 Proposals
7.3 Contract data
APPENDIX A TYPICAL DATA SHEETS
APPENDIX B GAS TURBINE VENDOR DRAWING AND DATA REQUIREMENTS
APPENDIX C PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINATION OF RESIDUAL UNBALANCE
APPENDIX D LATERAL AND TORSIONAL ANALYSIS LOGIC DIAGRAMS
APPENDIX E GAS TURBINE NOMENCLATURE
Figures
1 Rotor response plot
2 Performance curves for a single shaft gas turbine
3 Performance curves for a multiple shaft gas turbine (constant exhaust temperature)
4 Performance curves for a multiple shaft gas turbine (varying exhaust temperature)
C-1 Residual unbalance work sheet
C-2 Residual unbalance work sheet (continued)
C-3 Sample calculations for residual unbalance
C-4 Sample calculations for residual unbalance (continued)
D-1 Rotor response plot
E-1 Gas turbine nomenclature
Tables
2 Typical alarm and shutdown annunciation